MAE 3130: Fluid Mechanics
          Lecture 10: Internal and External Flows
                           Spring 2003
                           Dr. Jason Roney
                Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
                                                           1
                          Outline
            • Review of Viscous Pipe Flow
            • Laminar Pipe Flow
            • Overview of External Flows
            • Turbulent Pipe Flow
            • Boundary Layer Characteristics
            • Pressure Gradients Effects
            • Lift and Drag
                                                           2
                                        Viscous Pipe Flow: Review
                Pipe flow versus Open-channel flow:
                 Pipe Flow:                               Open-Channel Flow:
                 •Pipe is completely filled with fluid         •Pipe is not full of fluids
                 •Pressure gradients drive the flow            •Pressure gradient is constant
                 •Gravity can also be important                •Gravity is the driving force
                                                               i.e., flow down a concrete spill way.
                                                                                                      3
                            Viscous Pipe Flow: Flow Regime
            Osborne Reynolds Experiment to show the three regimes Laminar, Transitional, 
            or Turbulent:
                                                                       Laminar
                                 “Experiment”:
                                                                       Transitional
                                                                        Turbulent
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