MANGALORE UNIVERSITY
                CENTRE FOR DISTANCE EDUCATION
                    Mangalagangothri - 574 199
                      COURSE 2
           Contemporary India and Education
               (Perspectives in Education)
                  BLOCKS 1, 2, 3 & 4
              B.Ed. DEGREE PROGRAMME
               (OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING)
                    FIRST YEAR B.Ed.
                       Published by
                 MANGALORE UNIVERSITY
                   Mangalagangothri - 574 199
        Contemporary India and Education : Self learning Material for B.Ed. Degree Programme
        (Open and Distance Learning) of First Year prepared by Dr. Asha B.N. and Ms. Janaki A.
        Published by The Registrar, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri - 574 199, Karnataka.
        Year 2018-19
        Developed by:
        The Director,
        Centre for Distance Education, Mangalore University,
        Mangalagangothri  - 574 199, Karnataka.
        Course Co-ordinator
        Dr. Chidananda A.L., B.Ed.(ODL) Programme,
        Centre for Distance Education, Mangalore University,
        Mangalagangothri  - 574 199, Karnataka.
        Printed at Datacon Technologies, #31/10, Left of Magadi Main Road,
        Behind  Saraswathi Convention Centre, Bangalore - 560 079, Bangalore.
        © The Registrar, Mangalore University
        DTP at: Sagar Offset Printers, Alake , Mangalore
        Contemporary India and Education : Self-learning Material for B.Ed. Degree Programme
                                                                          (Open and Distance Learning) of First Year.
        Prepared by:
        Ms. Janaki A.
        Dr. Asha B.N.
        Published by:
        The Registrar, Mangalore University,
        Mangalagangothri - 574199, Mangalore, Karnataka.
        Year 2018-19
        © The Registrar, Mangalore University
        DTP at : Sagar Offset Printers, Alake, Mangalore
        Mobile :  9480228399
        Printed at : Datacon Technologies, #31/10, Left of Magadi Main Road,
                             Behind Saraswathi Convention Centre, Bangalore - 560 079 Bangalore.
                    (For private circulation only)
                                                     COURSE 2
                                Contemporary India and Education
                                       (Perspectives in Education)
                   The Registrar                                            Publisher
                   Mangalore University
                   Manalagangothri-574 199
                   Dr. Asha B.N.   :    Block - 1                           Course Writers
                   Ms. Janaki A.   :    Block – 2, 3 & 4
                   Dr. H.S. Ganesha Bhatta   :     Block – 1 & 2            Course Scrutinizers
                   Professor of Education (Rtd.)
                   M.E.S. College of Education,
                   Bangalore
                   Dr. Shashikala A.                :      Block – 3 & 4
                   Advisor,
                   B.Ed. (ODL) Programme,
                   Centre for Distance Education,
                   Mangalore University, Mangalaganothri - 574 199
                   Mangalore, Karnataka
                   Dr. Chidananda A.L.                                      Assistant Course Editor
                                                                                                        i
                   Contents
                   Course Overview
                   Block-1: Contemporary India
                   Unit-1: Social Stratification-forms and functions; Caste and Class; Region            1
                             and Religion.
                   Unit-2:  Types of Society-Tribal, Agrarian; Industrial, Post Industrial society.    14
                   Unit-3: Educational Scenario of India: Diversity in terms of Educational            31
                             Opportunities: Religion, Caste, Class, Gender, Language, Region and
                             Tribes.
                   Unit-4: Challenges in achieving Universal Elementary Education.                     45
                   Unit-5: Demands of diverse social groups towards education.                         53
                   Unit-6: Impact of Urbanisation; Industrialisation, Globalization,                   68
                             Modernization, Economic Liberalization and Digitalization on
                             Education.
                   Block 2 : Constitutional Provisions and Education
                   Unit 1 : Constitutional Provisions on education that reflect National Ideals.       84
                   Unit 2 : Democracy and the Values of Equality, Justice, Freedom, Concern            98
                             for  Others’ Wellbeing, Secularism, Respect for Human Dignity and
                             Rights.
                   Unit-3: India as an evolving Nation: Vision, Nature and Salient Features;          120
                             Democratic and Secular Polity, Federal Structure; Implications for
                             Educational System
                   Unit-4:  Fundamental Rights & Duties of Citizens.                                  134
                   Unit-5: Constitutional interventions for Universalization of Education and         162
                             RTE Act 2009.
                   Unit-6: Role of Central and State Governments in the development of 182
                             Education.
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