RURAL AND TRIBAL SOCIETIES
                               IN INDIA
                             MA SOCIOLOGY
                                I SEMESTER
                              (2020AdmissionOnwards)
                                (CORE COURSE)
                           UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
                            School of Distance Education
                    Calicut University- P.O, Malappuram- 673635,Kerala
                                  190354
                                           School of Distance Education
                  UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
                  School of Distance Education
                  Study Material
                  I Semester
                  MA SOCIOLOGY
                  (2020 Admission)
                  Core Course (SOCI C04)
                  RURAL AND TRIBAL SOCIETIES IN INDIA
                  Prepared by:
                        Smt.. RANJINI.PT,
                        Assistant Professor of Sociology,
                        School of Distance Education,
                        University of Calicut.
                  Scrutinized by:
                        Sri. Shailendra Varma R,
                        Assistant Professor,
                        Zamorin€s Guruvayurappan College,
                        Calicut.
             Rural and Tribal Societies in India                                    Page2
                                     School of Distance Education
           Objectives
                1. To acquaint students with basics of rural and tribal societies in our country.
                2. To analyze rural and tribal problems.
                3. To provide knowledge of rural and tribal social institutions.
           MODULE 1-RURAL AND PEASANT SOCIETY
           1.1 Scope and importance of the study of rural society in India
           1.2 Rural society, Peasant society, Agrarian society: Features
           1.3 Perspectives on Indian village community: Historical and Ecological
           1.4 Nature and changing dimensions of village society, Village studies-Marriot &
              Beteille
           MODULE 2-CHANGING RIRAL SOCIETY
           2.1 Agrarian social structure, Land ownership and agrarian relations
           2.2 Emergent class relations, Decline of Agrarian economy, De-peasantization
           2.3 Land reforms and its impact on rural social structure with special reference to
           Kerala
           2.4 Migration, Globalization and rural social transformation.
           MODULE 3-GOVERNANCE IN RURAL SOCIETY
                3.1 Rural governance: Village Panchayath, Caste Panchayath, Dominant
                   caste
                3.2 Decentralization of power in village society, Panchayathi Raj
                3.3 Community Development Programme in India
                3.4 People€s Planning Programme: A critical Appraisal
           MODULE 4-TRIBAL SOCIETY IN INDIA
           4.1 History of Indian Tribes, Demographic features
           4.2 Integration of the Tribals with the Non-tribals, Tribe-caste continuum
           4.3 Tribal problems in India
           4.4 Approaches, Planning and programmes for Tribal Development.
           Rural and Tribal Societies in India                          Page3
                                   School of Distance Education
                                     MODULE 1
                             RURAL AND PEASANT SOCIETY
           Rural and tribal societies in India is the fourth paper of MA Sociology. This paper deals with the
           structure and characteristics of rural and tribal societies in India in ancient as well as in modern
           period. Even though the process of urbanization is very fast in modern society, the rural societies
           are not fully disappeared so the study of rural and tribal society deserves relevance in society.
           This course acquaints the students with the basics of rural and tribal societies in India and at the
           same time it provides a clear picture about the rural and tribal social problems. The course also
           tries  to  give  an  idea  about  the  rural  and  tribal  social  institutions.  Through  providing these
           intellectual outlooks the course also provides an outlook about the fellow beings living in rural
           and tribal society.
           The paper constituted by four modules First ModuleisRural and peasant society, which discusses
           the origin, development, nature and scope of the study of rural society in world as well as in
           India. The module also tries to familiarize the basic concepts in Rural sociology that is the
           scientific study of rural society. The module displays the structure and characteristics of village
           community with the help of the studies of well known Indian sociologists like Marriot and
           Beteille. The second module is changing rural society, which deals with the transformation of
           the rural society from agrarian social structure to the modern form. The rural society transformed
           mainly with the influence of emergence of class society. The emergent class relations destruct
           the agrarian economy which leads to de-peasantization. Land reforms are another peculiarity of
           post-independent  society;  it  is  another  cause  of  decline  of  agrarian  society.  Migration  and
           globalization  are  another  two  factors  leading  to  rural  transformation.  Module  third  mainly
           analyzes  the  governance  in  rural  society,  which  discusses  the  historical  emergence of  the
           governance system in rural society. Village Panchayath, caste Panchayath and dominant caste
           are the early governing body in rural society. Decentralization of power is the attraction of village
           society during post-independence period. Tribal society in India is the fourth module of this
           paper. The fourth module mainly discusses the history of Indian tribes give special reference to
           the demographic features of tribes, integration of tribes with non-tribes, tribe-caste continuum,
           tribal problems in India and the approaches, planning and programmes for tribal development.
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