2D GEOMETRY FORMULAS
           SQUARE                                                                      CIRCLE
           s = side                                                                    r = radius, d = diameter
           Area: A = s2                                                   s            Diameter: d = 2r
                                                                                                                                              b          d
           Perimeter: P = 4s                                                           Area: A = πr2
                                                                                       Circumference: C = 2πr = πd                            r
                                                               s
           RECTANGLE
           l = length, w = width                                                       SECTOR OF CIRCLE
           Area: A = lw                                                       w        r = radius, θ = angle in radians                                    s
           Perimeter: P = 2l +2w                                                       Area: A = 1θr2
                                                                                                       2
                                                                                       Arc Length: s = θr                                   θ
                                                                l                                                                                  r
           TRIANGLE
           b = base, h = height                          a              c              ELLIPSE
           Area: A = 1bh                                        h                      a = semimajor axis                                       b
                          2
           Perimeter: P = a+b+c                                                        b = semiminor axis                                       b
                                                                                                                                         a
                                                                                       Area: A = πab
                                                                   b
                                                                                       Circumference:
           EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE                                                        C≈π3(a+b)−p(a+3b)(b+3a)
           s = side
           Height: h = √3s                                s             s
                             2                                     h
                          √
           Area: A = 3s2                                                               ANNULUS
                           4
                                                                 s                     r = inner radius,
                                                                                       R=outer radius
                                                                                       Average Radius: ρ = 1(r +R)                              b  r
           PARALLELOGRAM                                                                                             2
                                                                                       Width: w = R−r                                          R
           b = base, h = height, a = side                                              Area: A = π(R2 −r2)
           Area: A = bh                                    h                   a            or A = 2πρw
           Perimeter: P = 2a+2b
                                                             b
                                                                                       REGULAR POLYGON
           TRAPEZOID                                         a                         s = side length,                                                 s
           a;b = bases; h = height;                                                    n = number of sides
           c;d = sides                                                     d           Circumradius: R = 1scsc(π)                               b   R
                          1                      c     h                                                          2        n
           Area: A = (a+b)h                                                                            1   2       π
                          2                                                            Area: A = 4ns cot(n)
           Perimeter:                                                                                  1    2      2π
           P =a+b+c+d                                           b                           or A = 2nR sin( n )
                                                                                       
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                              3D GEOMETRY FORMULAS
                                                           GENERAL CONE
       CUBE                                                ORPYRAMID
       s = side                                    s       A=area of base, h = height          h
       Volume: V = s3                                                   1
                                                           Volume: V = 3Ah
       Surface Area: S = 6s2                                                                        A
                                                 s
                                        s
       RECTANGULAR SOLID                                   RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE
       l = length, w = width,                              r = radius, h = height
       h = height                                    h     Volume: V = 1πr2h                    h
       Volume: V = lwh                                                  3
                                                           Surface Area:
       Surface Area:                                             √ 2     2    2                      r
                                                  w        S =πr r +h +πr
       S =2lw+2lh+2wh
                                        l
       SPHERE                                              FRUSTUMOFACONE
       r = radius                                          r = top radius, R = base radius,          r
       Volume: V = 4πr3                       r            h = height, s = slant height
                    3                                      Volume: V = π(r2 +rR+R2)h                       s
       Surface Area: S = 4πr2                                           3
                                                           Surface Area:                         h     R
                                                           S =πs(R+r)+πr2+πR2
       RIGHT CIRCULAR                           r
                                                           SQUARE PYRAMID
       CYLINDER
       r = radius, h = height                              s = side, h = height
                                                     h     Volume: V = 1s2h                                h
       Volume: V = πr2h                                                 3
                                   2                       Surface Area:
       Surface Area: S = 2πrh+2πr                                   √ 2      2                         s
                                                           S =s(s+ s +4h )
                                                                                             s
                                               R     r
       TORUS                                               REGULAR TETRAHEDRON
       r = tube radius,                                    s = side       √                          s
                                                           Volume: V = 1   2s3
       R=torus radius                                                   12  √
                                                           Surface Area: S =  3s2
       Volume: V = 2π2r2R
       Surface Area: S = 4π2rR
                                                           
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