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Linear programming: the ultimate
practical problem‐solving model
What is Linear programming?
• The process of minimizing a linear objective function subject
to a finite number of linear equality and inequality
constraints.
• The word “programming” is historical and predates computer
programming.
• Quintessential tool for optimal allocation of scarce resources,
among a number of competing activities.
• Why significant?
– Widely applicable problem‐solving model
– Dominates world of industry.
– Fast commercial solvers available: CPLEX, OSL
– Ranked among most important scientific advances of 20th century
An Example: the Diet Problem
• Design a lowest cost diet that provides sufficient protein, with
two choices:
– steak: 2 units of protein/pound, $3/pound
– peanut butter: 1 unit of protein/pound, $2/pound
• Proper diet needs 4 units protein/day.
Let ݔ = # pounds steak/day in the diet.
Let ݕ = # pounds peanut butter/day in the diet.
Goal: minimize 3ݔ 2ݕ
Subject to the constraint: 2ݔ ݕ 4
ݔ0,ݕ0
Solving this problem geometrically
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