Ontology and Vocabularies for Olfactory
                                     Information
                                   Deliverable D4.1
                                        Version FINAL
                    NEGOTIATING OLFACTORY AND SENSORY EXPERIENCES IN CULTURAL HERITAGE PRACTICE AND RESEARCH
                             The Odeuropa project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
                             and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101004469. This document has been
                             produced by the Odeuropa project. The content in this document represents the views of the
                             authors, and the European Commission has no liability in respect of the content.
                          Deliverable D4.1 Ontology and Vocabularies                                                                      2/16
                                Grant Agreement No.                                               101004469
                                Project Acronym                                                   ODEUROPA
                                Project full title                                                Negotiating Olfactory and Sensory Experi-
                                                                                                  ences in Cultural Heritage Practice and Re-
                                                                                                  search
                                FundingScheme                                                     H2020-SC6-TRANSFORMATIONS-2020
                                Project website                                                   http://odeuropa.eu/
                                                                                                  Prof. Dr. Inger Leemans
                                Project Coordinator                                               KNAWHumanitiesCluster
                                                                                                  Email: inger.leemans@huc.knaw.nl
                                DocumentNumber                                                    Deliverable D4.1
                                Status & version                                                  FINAL
                                Contractual date of delivery                                      December2021
                                Date of delivery                                                  December2021
                                Type                                                              Report
                                Security (distribution level)                                     Public
                                Numberofpages                                                     16
                                WPcontributing to the deliverable                                 WP4
                                WPresponsible                                                     WP4
                                ECProjectOfficer                                                  Hinano Spreafico
                                                                   1                       2                        3                      1
                                Authors: Pasquale Lisena, Daniel Schwabe, Marieke van Erp, Raphael Troncy, William
                                        4                    3                3                         3
                                Tullett,  Inger Leemans, Lizzie Marx, Sofia Colette Ehrich
                                Internal reviewers: Mathias Zinnen,5 Sara Tonelli6
                                Affiliations: (1) EUR, (2) JSI, (3) KNAW, (4) ARU, (5) FAU, (6) FBK
                                Keywords: ontology, vocabulary, semantic web, data model
                                Abstract: This document describes the Odeuropa data model and the olfactory vocabularies
                                developed as part of WP4. We describe our methodology for designing the ontology and provide
                                a number of examples of how to use it. Finally, we show how this model can be evaluated using
                                competency questions.
                          https://odeuropa.eu
                       Deliverable D4.1 Ontology and Vocabularies                                                         3/16
                       Table of Revisions
                        Version   Date                Description and reason               By                 Affected sections
                        0.1       12December2021      First Draft                          Pasquale Lisena    All
                        0.2       17December2021      Update after internal review         Pasquale Lisena    All
                        0.3       23December2021      Final proof reading                  Raphael Troncy     All
                        1.0       27December          Final check and approval by project  Marieke van Erp    -
                                                      manager
                       Executive Summary
                       This deliverable introduces the Odeuropa data model, an olfactory extension of the CIDOC-CRM
                       ontology which makes use of other ontologies such as PROV and CRMsci. The model can
                       represent smell-related information. In particular, it enables to describe the emission, use and
                       experience of a given odour. The data model has been designed and evaluated using a set of
                       competency questions provided by cultural heritage scholars and historians, followed by several
                       iterations of refinement until each question was successfully converted into a SPARQL query.
                       This document not only describes the model itself, but also the methodology followed by the
                       different project partners, as well as an example of its usage.
                          The data model come with a set of multilingual controlled vocabularies for disambiguating
                       crucial olfactory information elements, namely olfactory objects, olfactory gestures and fragrant
                       spaces, as well as widely adopted odour classifications such as Michael Edwards’ scent wheel
                       andFlavornet odour space.
                          The resulting ontology has been published at http://data.odeuropa.eu/ontology/ and the vo-
                       cabularies can be browsed at http://vocab.odeuropa.eu/.
                       List of Acronyms
                       API. Application Programming Interface
                       CQ.CompetencyQuestions
                       EOKG.EuropeanOlfactory Knowledge Graph
                       HTTP. HyperText Transfer Protocol
                       RDF.ResourceDescription Framework
                       SKOS.SimpleKnowledgeOrganization System
                       SPARQL.SPARQLProtocolandRDFQueryLanguage
                       https://odeuropa.eu
                      Deliverable D4.1 Ontology and Vocabularies                                                      4/16
                      Contents
                      Table of Revisions                                                                                  3
                      1 Introduction                                                                                      5
                      2 DesignMethodologyandModelRequirements                                                             5
                      3 TheOdeuropaDataModel                                                                              6
                          3.1 Extending established ontologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    6
                          3.2 AThree-Layered Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      7
                          3.3 Provenance Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
                      4 Controlled Vocabularies                                                                         10
                      5 Evaluation with Competency Questions                                                            12
                      6 Showcase: ModellingtheSmellofaLocation                                                          12
                      7 List of published resources                                                                     13
                      https://odeuropa.eu