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EIT Chemistry Review Chemistry is really…
S2012
Dr. Mack Chem is try
Chem is try
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Part 1 Practice
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Where do we begin… The Periodic Table
The Periodic Table The Modern Periodic Table
The Modern Periodic Table
The modern organization of the periodic table came about as a
result of the work of Dimitri Mendeleyev
Characteristics:
Ordered elements by atomic mass
Repeating pattern of properties
Elements with similar properties in the same column
Periodic Law –when the elements are arranged in
order of increasing atomic mass, certain sets of
properties recur periodically.
Patterns used to predict properties of undiscovered
elements
4 6
1
The Periodic Table: Metalsand Nonmetals The Periodic Table: Metaloids
m
s m
ls e
l e
a t
a c t
t c a
t o “ a
o “ l
e l
e s
n s l
n l
o
e o
d e
m d
m m i
m i
u d
n u d
n c s
c i s
o i
o
t
t
o
N o
N r
r
s
Metals s
Metals ”
”
7 8
The modern periodic table is defined by:
Groups (families)
th
(columns down) Tin is in group 4A (14) in the 5 period.
Periods (rows across)
9 10
2
Today’s Periodic table
inert or “noble” gasses:
Group 1A elements are also
know as the “Alkali Metals” as
“Alkali Metals”
they form basic salts
Metals form Cations non‐metals form anions Metalloids can do both
Cations anions Metalloids
11 12
Today’s Periodic table Today’s Periodic table
Group 2B –8B elements are also know as
the “Transition Metals”. They may be
Group 2A elements are also “Transition Metals”
know as the “Alkaline earth found in the earth as pure metals or as
“Alkaline earth ores (salts).
Metals”as they are only found
Metals”
in the ground as metal salts
(carbonates)
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3
Today’s Periodic table Today’s Periodic table
Group 7A elements are also Group 8A elements are also
know as the “Halogens”. They know as the “Noble gasses”.
“Halogens”. They “Noble gasses”.
form acids with hydrogen and They are inert to reaction for
form acids with hydrogen and They are inert to reaction for
exist as diatomic molecules. (F , the most part. He is found
exist as diatomic molecules. (F , the most part. He is found
2
2
Cl …) underground!
Cl …) underground!
2
2
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Why do scientists use chemical symbols like C, Al and
The Representation of Matter: C Al
Feto represent atoms?
Fe
In chemistry we use chemical formulas and symbols to
represent matter.
Why? Because atoms
Why? Because atoms
are really small!
are really small!
We are “macroscopic”: large in size on the order of 100’s
of cm ‐2
10 m
Atoms and molecules are “microscopic”:
‐12
on the order of 10 cm
8 ‐10
10 Angstroms 1Angstrom = 10 m
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