GREEN 
       LOGISTICS
         Improving the environmental  
          sustainability of logistics
              EditEd by 
       AlAn McKinnon, ShAron cullinAnE,  
       MichAEl brownE, Anthony whitEing
              Publisher’s note
              Every possible effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this 
              book is accurate at the time of going to press, and the publishers and authors cannot 
              accept responsibility for any errors or omissions, however caused.  No responsibility 
              for loss or damage occasioned to any person acting, or refraining from action, as a 
              result of the material in this publication can be accepted by the editor, the publisher or 
              any of the authors.
              First published in Great Britain and the United States in 2010 by Kogan Page Limited 
              Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism 
              or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this 
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              at the undermentioned addresses:
              120 Pentonville Road       525 South 4th Street, #241      4737/23 Ansari Road
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              © Alan McKinnon, Sharon Cullinane, Michael Browne and Anthony Whiteing, 2010
              The right of the authors to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted 
              by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
              ISBN  978 0 7494 5678 8 
              British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
              A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library.
              Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
              Green logistics : improving the environmental sustainability of logistics / Alan 
              McKinnon ... [et al.].
                  p. cm.
                Includes bibliographical references.
                ISBN 978-0-7494-5678-8
                1.  Business logistics--Environmental aspects.  I. McKinnon, Alan C., 1953-
                HD38.5.G696 2010
                658.7--dc22
                                                 2009037392
              Typeset by Saxon Graphics Ltd, Derby
              Printed and bound in India by Replika Press Pvt Ltd
            Contents
            Contributor biographies                                             vii
            Part 1  Assessing the environmentAL effeCts of 
                    LogistiCs                                                     1
            1  Environmental sustainability: a new priority for logistics  
               managers                                                           3
                              1
               Alan McKinnon
               Introduction 3; A brief history of green logistics research 5; 
               Green logistics: rhetoric and reality 17; A model for green 
               logistics research 19; Outline of the book 22; notes 25; 
               References 25
            2
               Assessing the environmental impacts of freight transport         31
               Sharon Cullinane and Julia Edwards
               Introduction 31; Environmental impacts 32; Environmental 
               standards 39; measuring the environmental impact of freight 
               transport 42; Notes 45; References 45
            3
               Carbon auditing of companies, supply chains and products         49
               Maja Piecyk
               Introduction 49; Guidelines for carbon footprinting 50; The 
               carbon footprinting process 51; Success factors in carbon 
               footprinting 59; Case study: carbon auditing of road freight 
               transport operations in the UK 60; Conclusions 65;  
               References 66