Environmental Management System
                                                      ISO 14001
                                                                   In
                         URBAN LOCAL BODIES & TOWNSHIPS
                                      
                                 CLEAN TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE
                                                             USAID
                           
                                              Development Alternatives
                                                                                             Sector Specific Manual for Developing and Implementing
                                                                                             EMS in Urban Local Bodies & Townships
                                                                                                                    PREFACE
                                        The 1992 Rio Declaration emphasised that human beings are the centre of sustainable development.
                                        There is widespread recognition that human beings are entitled to a healthy and productive life in
                                        harmony with nature. Though major efforts have been made along this line, today achieving this
                                        entitlement remains still a serious challenge. Nearly 38 percent of households in India do not have
                                        access to safe drinking water while nearly 70 percent have no access to adequate sanitation. With the
                                        rapid increase in urban population over the last 20 years, the percentage of people served with safe
                                        water supplies and adequate sanitation has declined.
                                        Rapid urbanisation is expected to continue and as per a recent study, by the year 2020, about 50% of
                                        the total Indian population will live in urban areas. This ‘hyper’ urbanisation trend and the concentration
                                        of population in the big towns and cities bring not only the problem of resource limitations to the fore,
                                        but add many environmental impacts as well. Traditional risks to the population such as malnutrition,
                                        dysentry, water and sanitation related diseases are exacerbated by modern environmental risks such
                                        as, exposure to hazardous and toxic substances, industrial effluents, air emissions from industries
                                        and vehicles, noise, and stress due to lack of space and lifestyle.
                                        The management of the urban environment is a complex and difficult task. The increasing momentum
                                        of urbanisation has both direct and indirect environmental impacts which need immediate attention.
                                        One approach of resolving these impacts in the urban local bodies is by adopting the Environmental
                                        Management System.
                                        There are several benefits, which could be derived by implementation of EMS. From the experience of
                                        the Clean Technology Initiative (CTI), an United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
                                        project it has been observed that effective implementation of EMS in any urban local body will ensure:
                                        i.          Establishment of a management system with a focus on conservation and protection of natural
                                                   resources.
                                        ii.         Establishment of a system to get regular warning signals of a deteriorating impact through
                                                   periodic monitoring and measurement.
                                        iii.        Preparedness for emergency situations.
                                        iv.         Enhancement of awareness and participation among different stakeholders.
                                        v,          Strengthening the decision-making capacities for optimised resource allocation and management.
                                        This manual is a helpful tool to the administrator of any urban local body to design, implement and
                                        sustain an EMS. It illustrates practical examples, which helps the user to correlate with the routine
                                        functions of an urban local body. The examples discussed in this manual are based on the experiences
                                        of three industrial townships where, EMS was successfully implemented and certified as per the
                                        requirements of ISO 14001. The development of this manual is meant to serve the purpose of large-
                                        scale dissemination of this voluntary initiative, process and learning’s.
                                     March 2002                                                                                                                                Dr. K.Vijaya Lakshmi
                                     New Delhi                                                                                                         Manager, Development Alternatives
                                        March 2002                                                                                                                                 Dr. K.Vijaya Lakshmi
                                        New Delhi                                                                                                          Manager, Development Alternatives
                                                                                                       i                                                               Development  Alternatives
                          About Development Alternatives
            Development Alternatives Group (DA) is a not-for- profit organisation established in 1983 to create
            large scale Sustainable Livelihoods. The DA group operates on the philosophy that sustainable
            development benefits not only the economy but also the environment and above all - people. The
            various thematic areas of DA is based on the people - nature, people – technology and people –
            people , which led to the formation of the functional units called the  Environment System Branch
            (ESB), Technology System Branch (TSB) and Institutional System Branch (ISB).
            The mandate of  Urban Environment Systems Group of  the ESB is to facilitate sustainable development
            among the urban sectors of the society. The team built on the strengths of interdisciplinary expertise
            available within the organisation.
            Development Alternatives facilitated the design and implementation of EMS as per ISO 14001 for
            three industrial townships of India. These Industrial townships are:
            1. Kasturinagar Industrial township, IFFCO, Kalol, Gujarat
            2. Pirojshahnagar Industrial township, Godrej & Boyce, Mumbai
            3. Tatachem Industrial township, Tata Chemicals, Mithapur, Gujarat.
            Manager,
            Environmental systems Branch
            Development Alternatives
            B-32, Tara Crescent
            Qutab Institutional Area
            New Delhi - 110016
            Tel: 011-685 1158, 696 7938
            Fax: 011-686 6031
            Email:   industry@sdalt.ernet.in
            Website :www.devalt.org
                             ii
                                               Development  Alternatives
                          Sector Specific Manual for Developing and Implementing
                          EMS in Urban Local Bodies & Townships
                                Contributors
            The team, which helped in preparation of this EMS manual :
            Overall Guidance:
            Dr. K. Vijaya Lakshmi
            Manager
            Environment Systems Branch
            Development Alternatives
            Core:
            Dr. Aditi Haldar, Sr. Environmental Scientist
            Shri S.Karthik, Environmental Engineer
            Shri Dhiraj Manhas, Environmental Scientist
            Shri Dhirendra Kumar, Environmental Engineer
            Support:
            Ms. Meenakshi Gusain
                             iii               Development  Alternatives