Introduction
                                                                                                                                       Objective
                  • To clarify key concepts that a majority did not 
                              know the answer for on the knowledge test taken 
                              at the end of the training
                                  − The components of an effective team structure
                                  − Designated and situational leaders
                                  − The role of a structured framework in information 
                                            exchange
                                  − What makes handoffs different from other 
                                            communication?
                                  − What is a shared mental model?
                                  − What is mutual support?
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Introduction
         •            TeamSTEPPS is 
                      composed of four 
                      teachable/learnable skills
                          − Leadership
                          − Situation Monitoring
                          − Mutual Support
                          − Communication
         •            Skills are supported by 
                      team structure
                                                                                                                                                                                               …team performance is a 
                                                                                                                                                                                               science…consequences 
                                                                                                                                                                                               of errors are great…
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Introduction
        Components of Effective Team Structure
             •            A team is composed of two or more people who…
                              − Interact interdependently and adaptively 
                              − Have complementary skills
                              − Have effective leadership
                              − Work toward a common goal… this is the MOST important 
                                        component of team structure…knowledge of the common goal 
                                        accounted for 14% of the difference in team function
                              − Have clear roles and responsibilities…second most important 
                                        component of team structure…accounted for 12% of the difference 
                                        in team function
                              − Hold them selves mutually accountable for achieving the goal
                     Salas et al. Does team training work? Principles for health care. Acad Emerg 
                     Med. 2008. 15:1-8.
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Introduction
                               Designated and Situational Leaders
           •           Leadership is one of the four key teachable/learnable 
                       TeamSTEPPS strategies
           •           There are two type of leaders
                           1.               Designated leader is assigned to lead and organize a 
                                            designated core team by
                                             Establishing clear goals
                                             Facilitating open communication, information, and mutual 
                                                    support sharing through briefs, huddles, debriefs
                                             Resolving conflict
                           2.               Situational leader is any team member who steps forward 
                                            because they have the skills/knowledge to manage the 
                                            situation-at-hand; situational leader may step forward during 
                                            a brief or debrief or they may call a huddle
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Introduction
                                                                                     Information Exchange
                Communication contributes to nearly 2/3 of sentinel events because 
                effective communication does not come naturally
                     http://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/Root_Causes_Event_Type_04_4Q2012.pdf
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