READING COMPREHENSION
      Researchers do research for the sake of doing research. Their primary focus 
       is seldom to rush something to market. Their greatest motivation is 
       often to get their papers published in scientific journals and get peer 
       reviews on arcane parts of their work. Your challenge here is to figure 
       out how to go through the morass of technical jargon and get some 
       questions answered: What steps are required to start working on the 
       pilot? Do any of the steps need fundamental research or is it a matter of 
       developing manufacturing capability? Does the machine design exist, or 
       can it be easily customised for the process in question? How critical is 
       replicability? Are any of the materials used toxic? Even if these questions 
       cannot be answered in the beginning of your evaluation, your awareness 
       of these potential issues at least minimises the risk of any unpleasant 
       surprise that hinders or delays commercialisation. 
      Investors will invest if the path to starting the pilot is clear and short. More 
       importantly, investors will invest only if the path and time to completing 
       the pilot are clearly defined since scale-up is where the commercial 
       opportunities arise together with an opportunity for the investor to exit. 
     CONTINUED...
     Your first customers will be your prospective investors. 
       In order to sell the idea to them, you have to 
       convince them that your idea has a competitive 
       advantage that will still hold true for a number of 
       years. This will enable them to recover and multiply 
       their investment before China replicates at a lower 
       cost. 
     The first market that your product will address has to be 
       clearly defined. Sounds easier than it is as you will 
       find a number of attractive addressable markets. The 
       most difficult decision may be whether to go for high-
       value or high-volume markets. Investors look for 
       markets that have an annual size of over a billion 
       dollars in order to provide enough growth potential. 
       And it is this potential that will enable them to exit 
       with a healthy multiple. 
      CONTINUED...
    Either way, the following skills and aptitudes are typically required to excel in 
     any marketing role:
    Whether you’re writing a business plan or a campaign brief, being able to 
     creatively spell out your vision is a must in the marketing field. In today’s 
     world, grabbing consumers’ attention isn’t very easy. Marketers have to 
     constantly think up new ways to attract their audience and entice them to 
     make a purchase great marketers are creative.
    Imagine the conundrum marketers faced when DVR was released and 
     commercials became futile. What about the overwhelming switch to mobile 
     versus desktop? These trends in the marketplace forever changed the way 
     businesses sold to us, and marketers were on the front lines of those 
     shifts, huddling and figuring out to how to solve new problems that came 
     their way. Great marketers are problem-solvers.
    Even the most right-brained marketers have a passion for numbers and ROI. 
     How else do companies know that their promotional efforts are working? 
     Whether they’re tracking retweets, click-throughs, or video views, 
     marketers live and breathe metrics. Great marketers are analytical so they 
     can prove the value of their work.
    The marketing landscape is ever-changing, and opportunities arise every day 
     for businesses to promote their products in new and exciting ways. But 
     marketers wouldn’t be able to seize these opportunities if they don’t 
     continually ask, “What if?” Great marketers stay curious and are lifelong 
     learners.
     Questions to answer.
     1. What does marketer mean ?
     2. Who is the marketer ?
     3. What do reseller and marketer do in their job ?
     4. Conclude by yourself, what is marketing job ?
     5. What are the marketing plans ? Mention.
     6. Translate the text into Indonesia correctly.