Highlights
      1.   Coherence between development planning and 
           investment programming in three East Asian 
           countries
      2.   Decision making parameters and coordination 
           mechanisms for public investment selection and 
           prioritization
      3.   Project preparation and investment decision 
           process for locally funded projects and ODA 
           projects 
      4.   Summary
    1. Coherence between 
    development planning and 
    investment programming
                              Thailand                 Malaysia              The Philippines
                                                                        
      Development        Indicative plan utili     Directive plan utili     Still insufficient as 
           Plans       zed as strategic core  zed as strategic cor        strategic core 
                       documents (dev’t pri      e documents (dev’t  documents (in spite of 
                       orities clearly indicat   priorities clearly ind   ongoing efforts)
                       ed)                       icated)                  Do not specify 
                                                
                         Do not specify bud        Specify budget all     budget allocation
                       get allocation            ocation                  lacking alignment 
                       securing room for        adjusted at mid-t       with budget 
                       flexibility               erm review               implication
                                                                        
          Public         Public investment         Public investment        Public Investment 
       Investment      selected in the           selected as part of      Programs prepared in 
           Plans       subsequent annual         development              parallel with 
                       budget and debt           planning process         Development Plans, 
                       approval process          Development             but their linkages 
                       (except for the 70s -     Plans play the role      remain weak
                         rd      th
                       3  and 4                  of de facto PIP          still remain as “wish 
                       Development Plans)                                 list” of projects
                                                                        
          Project        Project approval          Project approval         Project approval 
         approval      integrated into           conducted as part        conducted after PIP 
                       annual budget/debt        of development           process and before 
                       approval process          planning process         annual budget process
          Coherence between development planning and investment programming
                                                                 
                                                        Annual budget and
     National Economic and Social Development                    debt approval
     Plan (NESDP)  5-year plan*
                                                                 
                                                                  Project approval 
                                                                   Project approval
       Development Plan                                          (as part of annual 
      * 1st NESDP was the only 6-year plan                       budget/debt approval 
                                                                 process)
     
     Malaysia Plan  5 year-plan
      
       Development Plan                                            
                                                                    Annual budget and
          Public Investment Plan                                   debt approval
         
          Project approval
           Project approval
    
     Medium-Term Philippine Development 
     Plan (MTPDP)  6-year plan*
      
       Development Plan
      * coincides with the presidential term                      
                                                   Project           Annual budget and
                                                  approval         debt approval
     Medium-Term Public Investment 
     Program (MTPIP)  companion 
     document of the MTPDP
   
    Public Investment  Program
                                                                           Source:  Author
    Thailand: Overview of development planning and investment programming
                                 Annual budget and debt 
                                                        approval
      
        Development planning                             Project approval
                                           conducted as a part of the annual 
      NESDB  (National  Economic                        budget/debt approval process
      and  Social  Development                         
      Board)                                            BOB (budget) and
                                                         FPO+PDMO(1999-) (loans)
      
      Coordination  mainly  among  central            
      economic agencies):                               Budget hearings and dialogues:
                                                       
       NESDB                                             BOB “mobile units”
                                                       
       BOB (Bureau of the Budget)                        State enterprises
                                                       
       FPO (Fiscal Policy Office) + PDMO (Public          Consultation with other central 
      Debt Management Office, 1999-)                    economic agencies:
                                                       
       Central Bank                                      NESDB
                                                        
                                                         FPO, PDMO
      *macro-sector coordination relatively weak        
                                                         Central Bank
                                
           Centralized system, with strong coordination among central econ
          omic agencies (CEAs) -- subtle check and balance functions built-in, 
          leading to shared responsibilities among CEAs
       Source:  Author – drawn from information provided by NESDB, BOB, FPO and PDMO to the GRIPS team
    Malaysia: Overview of development planning and investment programming
         
                                                      
        Development planning                             Annual budget and debt 
         
           Public investment planning                  approval
         Project approval
            Project approval
                                                      
                                          MOF (Ministry of Finance)
      EPU  (Economic  Planning                        
      Unit)                                           Budget         hearings       and 
                                        dialogues:
                                                      
      Coordination for planning:                      “Planning  cells”  in  the  relevant 
                                                     ministries and agencies 
       National Planning Council (Cabinet level)      
                                                      State governments
       National Development Planning Council (Offici  
      als level)                                       Private sector
                                                      
                                                      NGOs
       Inter-Agency Planning Groups (Working level)   Consultation:
      Coordination for project approval:
                                                      
                                                      EPU
       Development Projects Examination Committee     
      s (ministries, agencies, state gov’ts)           ICU  (Implementation  Coordination 
                                                      Unit)
                                                      
                                                       PSD (Public Service Department)
                               
          Rule-based operations duly installed in the coordination machinery
       Source:  Author -- drawn from “Development Planning in Malaysia” issued by the EPU in 2004 and information provided by 
       EPU to the GRIPS team