Topics
                              Topics
     Technique of iris recognition
        Technique of iris recognition
     Attacks 
        Attacks 
     Implementation
        Implementation
     Advantages & Disadvantages
        Advantages & Disadvantages
                                     
                                     
             Why Iris Recognition?
             Why Iris Recognition?
     Iris patterns are unique.
        Iris patterns are unique.
     Iris patterns do not change with age. 
        Iris patterns do not change with age. 
     Non Contact approach.
        Non Contact approach.
     Simplicity and ease of 
        Simplicity and ease of 
        implementation.
        implementation.
     Speed – the process of matching the 
        Speed – the process of matching the 
        iris patterns is very fast. 
        iris patterns is very fast. 
                                     
                                     
                             Technique
                             Technique
     Step 1: Capturing the image of the eye using a 
      Step 1: Capturing the image of the eye using a 
        camera. 
        camera. 
     Step 2: Differentiating the outline of the iris and the 
      Step 2: Differentiating the outline of the iris and the 
        sclera, and the pupil from the iris.
        sclera, and the pupil from the iris.
                                                         sclera
                                                      iris
                                                      pupil
     Step 3: Encoding the image using demodulation (also 
      Step 3: Encoding the image using demodulation (also 
        removes reflections, intrusion of eye lid lashes, 
        removes reflections, intrusion of eye lid lashes, 
        contact lens outline etc.,). Code is 256 bytes. 
        contact lens outline etc.,). Code is 256 bytes. 
                                          
                                          
           Iris pattern - Comparison
           Iris pattern - Comparison
      Test of Statistical Independence
         Test of Statistical Independence
      Compare the iris codes (256*8=2048 
         Compare the iris codes (256*8=2048 
         bits) of the eyes using the following 
         bits) of the eyes using the following 
         formula
         formula
                        [Code A (XOR) Code B] AND Mask A AND Mask B
                        [Code A (XOR) Code B] AND Mask A AND Mask B
      H.D = 
      H.D = 
                        Mask A AND Mask B
                        Mask A AND Mask B
      This is called Hamming Distance (H.D). 
      This is called Hamming Distance (H.D). 
                                            
                                            
                  Speed Performance
                  Speed Performance
      On a 300 MHz workstation, the execution 
         On a 300 MHz workstation, the execution 
         times for the steps in iris recognition are listed 
         times for the steps in iris recognition are listed 
         below,
         below,
      Operation Time
       Image focus 15 millisec
       Scrub specular reflections 56 millisec
       Localize eye and iris 90 millisec
       Fit pupillary boundary 12 millisec
       Detect both eyelids 93 millisec
       Remove lashes and contact lens edges 78 millisec
       Demodulation and IrisCode creation 102 millisec
       XOR comparison of two IrisCodes 10 micro sec
      100,000 comparisons can be performed in a 
         second. 
                                             
                                             
      IrisCode is a registered trademark of Iridian Technologies