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Green Chemistry Introduction:
What is Chemistry? What does
Defining Green Chemistry What is Chemistry? What does
chemistry mean to you? Do
chemistry mean to you? Do
you think of good things or bad
Have students work in pairs for 30 seconds to come up you think of good things or bad
things? Who has heard of
with a definition for green chemistry. Break down the things? Who has heard of
companies going green? What
meaning of both words. companies going green? What
does that mean?
does that mean?
Establish that chemistry is the science of making
products.
Eco-friendly, good for the environment, sustainable.
Green chemistry is pollution
Green chemistry is pollution
prevention at the molecular
What do chemists do? prevention at the molecular
level, the basic design stage. So
level, the basic design stage. So
what is it that chemists do?
what is it that chemists do?
Use wait time. Build off of their prior knowledge.
Acknowledge student responses and prompt them for
more information. Control the conversation by asking for
a certain number of answers.
Is there anything in this room
Is there anything in this room
Chemists are inventors. They help to design just about that a chemist invented? What
that a chemist invented? What
about the desks, paint, floor,
every product out there. about the desks, paint, floor,
etc.
etc.
Traditionally chemists were not taught about the
Who has taken medicine? Does
environmental impact or toxicology. We have had many Who has taken medicine? Does
anyone use an iPod or an mp3
advances and helpful inventions but we have also had anyone use an iPod or an mp3
player? What about a computer
inventions that have caused harm to the environment. player? What about a computer
or a cell phone?
Green chemists design products taking into account the or a cell phone?
entire process, energy efficiency, renewable resources,
the product itself along with the end-of-life impact of the
product.
Would you buy a “traditional”
Would you buy a “traditional”
cleaner that costs $1 or a
cleaner that costs $1 or a
“safer” cleaner that costs $5 for
Set the Scene: “safer” cleaner that costs $5 for
the same bottle size?
Connect the Dots & Introduce the Activity Topic the same bottle size?
Would you buy a “traditional
Would you buy a “traditional
cleaner” that cleans well, or a
Connect the dots for them: they are the future scientists cleaner” that cleans well, or a
“safer” cleaner that leaves
who will help to discover and invent solutions to our “safer” cleaner that leaves
streaks behind?
environmental challenges. streaks behind?
Green chemists think about
Green chemists think about
safety, cost and performance in
safety, cost and performance in
Introduce the 3 criteria of Green Chemistry: their product design
their product design
Safety, Cost and Performance.
(c) 2017 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
Introducing the Problem of Plastics
Reflect back on the discussion about what items
We just talked about the things in
in the room were made by chemists. How many We just talked about the things in
the room that were made by
of them are made out of plastic? the room that were made by
chemists. Which of these items
chemists. Which of these items
are plastic? How many plastic
are plastic? How many plastic
Let’s talk about why we use plastics. items can you see around you?
items can you see around you?
- Inexpensive
- Easy to manipulate
Why do you think so many things
- Versatile Why do you think so many things
are made of plastic? What are
- are made of plastic? What are
Many are lightweight some of the benefits of using
some of the benefits of using
plastic? What are some things
plastic? What are some things
you use on a regular basis that
Hopefully some of the students will have brought you use on a regular basis that
are made of plastic?
up points related to disposable plastics. If these are made of plastic?
types of products haven’t come up yet, guide the
group to a discussion about disposable items like How many times during the
How many times during the
cups and water bottles. week do you use a disposable
week do you use a disposable
plastic item? What types of
plastic item? What types of
disposable plastics do you use?
Introduce the problem of plastics disposal disposable plastics do you use?
Water/beverage bottles, cups,
through asking questions. Water/beverage bottles, cups,
bags, etc.
bags, etc.
About half of the plastics that are produced in a
What do you do with plastics
year become waste in less than a year. That What do you do with plastics
when you no longer need them?
includes plastic water bottles, plastic bags, bottle when you no longer need them?
Recycle, landfill. Can anyone give
Recycle, landfill. Can anyone give
caps – all sorts of different types of plastics. In me their best guess for what
me their best guess for what
percentage of plastics actually
many areas of the country, like near Boston or percentage of plastics actually
get recycled?
San Francisco, it’s easy to think that most of get recycled?
these plastics go into recycling. However, in the
United States as a whole, only about 9% of our
plastics end up in recycling. That means that 91%
of plastic goes to the landfill! That is a whole lot
of plastic waste.
But what happens to the plastic after it goes to
the landfill? Plastics can take more than 400
years to degrade, so it’s going to stick around for
a while.
(c) 2017 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
Plastics in the Ocean
Because disposable plastic production has
increased dramatically in the last few decades,
our waste systems have a hard time managing all
the plastics that go into the trash. As a result, a
lot of plastic waste ends up in the environment.
About 8 million metric tons of plastic ends up in
the ocean every year. In fact, out of the top ten
types of trash found in the ocean, eight are types
of plastic! What types of plastics do you
What types of plastics do you
think are commonly found in the
think are commonly found in the
ocean? Why?
ocean? Why?
Plastics ID Challenge
What do types of plastics do we find in the
ocean?
Give each group a ziplock containing one of the
six types of plastic pieces provided and challenge
the groups to identify what the plastic once was.
Example, one ziplock will have tiny pieces of
plastic water bottles and the students will have
to try and determine what those pieces originally
belonged to. Give each group a few minutes to
What type of item do you think
discuss and then have them each share what What type of item do you think
your plastic pieces once was?
they have decided. your plastic pieces once was?
Why do you think so?
Why do you think so?
An answer key will be provided in your plastics
kit.
When we see plastic in the ocean, it actually What do you think ocean plastic
looks more like the plastic in your baggies than What do you think ocean plastic
looks like?
looks like?
what it once was. That’s because plastic floating
near the top of the water breaks down over time
into smaller pieces we call “microplastics”. This is
from the impact of sunlight on the plastic pieces
– a process called “photodegradation”.
(c) 2017 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
Solving the Problem
Discuss ideas the students have for tackling the
What ideas do you all have about
problem of ocean plastics. What ideas do you all have about
how to solve this big problem?
how to solve this big problem?
Where should we start?
Where should we start?
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Ask how many have heard the phrase “reduce,
reuse, recycle. Have students share what each
one means as you talk about each concept.
Once we get the plastic out of the ocean, we What types of things would you
What types of things would you
need to find something to do with it. want to make with recycled ocean
want to make with recycled ocean
plastic? What items have you
plastic? What items have you
seen made with ocean plastic?
Pass around the net and filament samples. seen made with ocean plastic?
Adidas, alongside Parley for the Oceans,
designed shoes with the help of the Warner
Babcock Institute for Green Chemistry that were
made from recycled ocean plastic. The net that What do the items in the baggies
What do the items in the baggies
you see was turned into the filament- basically look like? What do you think they
look like? What do you think they
were used for? Which one was
thread- that was used to make the upper of were used for? Which one was
ocean plastic?
shoes! That’s one way we can recycle our ocean plastic?
plastics!
Let’s talk about reusing plastics. Reusing is when
you use something again in the same way. Most What do you think of when you
What do you think of when you
think of “reusing” plastics? How is
of us use reusable cups at home rather than think of “reusing” plastics? How is
this different than recycling?
using disposable ones. this different than recycling?
The best option for dealing with the problem of
ocean plastics is to reduce how much plastic we
use. If we’re not using plastics, we’re not
throwing them away, so they can’t end up in the
environment!
(c) 2017 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
Other fun Ooho facts:
Ooho! Other fun Ooho facts:
- Made by Skipping Rocks Lab,
- Made by Skipping Rocks Lab,
a London-based startup
a London-based startup
- The company impact
One company out there is working to reduce the - The company impact
statement is “to stop 1
number of plastic water bottles produced and statement is “to stop 1
billion plastic bottles from
consumed by making an alternative water billion plastic bottles from
reaching the ocean every
packaging. Their packaging is made from plants reaching the ocean every
year and to stop 300 million
year and to stop 300 million
and seaweed and can will biodegrade in just 4-6 kg of CO from ever being
kg of CO from ever being
2
2
emitted”
weeks – the same as a piece of fruit! emitted”
- Producing Ooho packaging
- Producing Ooho packaging
takes 9x less energy and
Best of all – their packaging is EDIBLE! You can takes 9x less energy and
produces 5x less carbon
produces 5x less carbon
pop the whole pod into your mouth, burst it dioxide than PET (the
dioxide than PET (the
packaging for plastic water
open, and drink your water! packaging for plastic water
bottles)
bottles)
How Ooho’s packaging is made is a secret but we
can make something really similar.
Let’s make our own!
Allow students to make 2-3 pods – you’ll want to
make sure you have extra when someone
accidentally pops one!
Prepare ahead of time:
- Juice and sodium alginate mixture
- 4.7 g sodium alginate per L juice
(0.045 M)
- Use either a food safe blender or a
hand-mixer to mix
- Calcium lactate or calcium chloride bath
- 11.25 g calcium lactate/chloride per L
water (0.034 M)
- Stir with food safe spoon or fork
With students:
- Each student ladles a 2-3 scoops of
alginate/juice into the calcium bath
- Allow to sit ~5 min while hydrogel forms
- Give each student or student pair a plate for
their finished juice pods
(c) 2017 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
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