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             { ن { ئلللو ،ليلللق للإ ملعلللان  لم متيلتلوأ املو يلبلر رملأن  لم حلورللال  للق                                                       حورلااا نعك  انولااأساياو 
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            85 ءارسلا
        2020-2021                      Email :info@alkafeel.edu.iq          Website :http://Alkafeel.edu.iq                                                                                         2
                       Introduction
            Quantum Computer
                    A computer that uses quantum mechanical phenomena to perform 
                          operations on data through  devices such as superposition and 
                          entanglement.
            Classical Computer (Binary)
                    A computer that uses voltages flowing through circuits and gates, which 
                          can be calculated entirely by classical mechanics.
        2020-2021                      Email :info@alkafeel.edu.iq          Website :http://Alkafeel.edu.iq                                                                                         3
                       What is a Quantum Computer?
            Quantum Computation is becoming a viable alternative for:
            High complexity problems
            Too  hard  to  address  in  classical  computation,  with  or  without 
            acceleration.
            Represents an important change of paradigm.
            Quantum Computation will be introduced at a conceptual level. 
            Concept  of  quantum  bit,  or  qubit,  affords  for  an  enormous 
            information storage and processing capacity.
        2020-2021                      Email :info@alkafeel.edu.iq          Website :http://Alkafeel.edu.iq                                                                                         4
                       The Need For Speed
            Classical Digital Computer
                    Moore’s Law: # of transistors on chip doubles every 18 months—
                          microprocessor circuits will measure on atomic scale by 2020-2030
                    Downscaling of circuit board layout/components is leading to 
                          discrepancies.
                            Copper traces are actually crystallizing and shorting out!
                            Emergence of quantum phenomena such as electrons tunneling 
                                  through the barriers between wires.
                    Serial Processing – one operation at a time
                            64-bit classical computer operates speeds measured in gigaflops 
                                  (billions of floating-point operations per second). 
        2020-2021                      Email :info@alkafeel.edu.iq          Website :http://Alkafeel.edu.iq                                                                                         5
                       The Need For Speed
                                                                                   Quantum Computer
                    Harnesses the power of atoms and molecules to perform memory and 
                          processing tasks 
                    Parallel Processing – millions of operations at a time
                             30-qubit quantum computer equals the processing power
                                  of conventional computer that running at 10 teraflops
                                  (trillions of floating-point operations per second). 
                    Google has demonstrated that there are particular problems that can be 
                          solved efficiently on a quantum computer, while demanding 
                          prohibitively high resources in classical computation.
        2020-2021                      Email :info@alkafeel.edu.iq          Website :http://Alkafeel.edu.iq                                                                                         6