Outline
       
          Background
       
          Molecular mechanisms
            Exon shuffling
            Gene duplication
            Lateral gene transfer
            Gene fusion/fission
            De novo gene origination
       
          Summary
                                                                      2
                                Outline
       
          Background
       
          Molecular mechanisms
            Exon shuffling
            Gene duplication
            Lateral gene transfer
            Gene fusion/fission
            De novo gene origination
       
          Summary
                                                                      3
                          The legend of Jingwei
                                               In an ancient 
                                               Chinese legend, 
                                               the first Chinese 
                                               emperor Yande 
                                               (3,000 BC) 
                                               brother to the 
                                               Yellow-Emperor, 
                                               had a
                                               pretty princess 
                                               named Jingwei.
     Like other legendary southern Chinese 
     goddesses, Jingwei liked to swim. Unfortunately, 
     she drowned in the East China Sea. She was 
     reincarnated into a beautiful bird, who, to save              4
     others from possible tragedy, carried soil and 
     stones in an attempt to fill in the ocean.
                 Manyuan Long and the Jingwei gene 
                         Manyuan Long
                         Department of Ecology & Evolution
                         Biological Sciences Collegiate Division
                         University of Chicago
      Jingwei
      The first young gene described in the early 1990s. It is a 
      very young gene that if we set 1 million years as an age 
      unit, the common old genes are often 1000~3000 years 
      old, while Jingwei is 2 years old.
                                                                           5
      1950s--
               In 1953, DNA double helix
               In 1966, Richard Lewontin and Huby found 
               that natural selection can’t explain 
               molecular evolution 
               In 1968, Motoo Kimura introducing neutral 
               theory of molecular evolution 
      1990s--
               In 1993, Manyuan Long described the Jingwei 
               gene, open a new field to study the origination 
               and evolution of new genes                         6