Learning Objectives
             Learning Objectives
              1. Understand the scope, competitive advantages, and 
              1. Understand the scope, competitive advantages, and 
                     success factors associated with cultural diversity.
                     success factors associated with cultural diversity.
              2. Identify and explain key dimensions of cultural 
              2. Identify and explain key dimensions of cultural 
                     differences.
                     differences.
              3. Describe what is required for managers and 
              3. Describe what is required for managers and 
                     organizations to become multicultural.
                     organizations to become multicultural.
              4. Be more aware of barriers to good cross-cultural 
              4. Be more aware of barriers to good cross-cultural 
                     relations.
                     relations.
              5. Explain how motivation, ethics, conflict resolution, 
              5. Explain how motivation, ethics, conflict resolution, 
                     and skills needed for negotiation can vary across 
                     and skills needed for negotiation can vary across 
                     cultures.
                     cultures.
              6. Appreciate the nature of diversity training and 
              6. Appreciate the nature of diversity training and 
                     cultural training.
                     cultural training.
            A. J. DuBrin, Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior, Second Edition. Copyright © 2002 by South-Western.                               15–2
             Cultural Diversity: Scope
             Cultural Diversity: Scope
               
                The Scope of Cultural Diversity
                The Scope of Cultural Diversity
                Valuing diversity means to respect and enjoy a wide range 
                      Valuing diversity means to respect and enjoy a wide range 
                     of cultural and individual differences.
                      of cultural and individual differences.
                Scientifically measuring diversity is fairly easy; in practice, 
                      Scientifically measuring diversity is fairly easy; in practice, 
                     diversity may not be visible or manifest itself readily.
                      diversity may not be visible or manifest itself readily.
                The goal of a diverse organization is for persons of all 
                      The goal of a diverse organization is for persons of all 
                     cultural backgrounds to achieve their full potential.
                      cultural backgrounds to achieve their full potential.
            A. J. DuBrin, Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior, Second Edition. Copyright © 2002 by South-Western.                               15–3
             The Diversity Umbrella (condensed)
             The Diversity Umbrella (condensed)
             Race                                                                                                 Sexual orientation
             Race                                                                                                 Sexual orientation
             Sex or gender                                                                                                 Marital status
             Sex or gender                                                                                                 Marital status
             Religion                                                                                                      Family status
             Religion                                                                                                      Family status
             Age (young, middle-                                                                                    Personality traits
             Age (young, middle-                                                                                    Personality traits
             aged, and old)
             aged, and old)                                                                                                    Functional 
                                                                                                                               Functional 
             Generation                                                                                                       background
             Generation                                                                                                       background
             differences
             differences                                                                                                      Technology
                                                                                                                              Technology
             Ethnicity                                                                                                                interest
             Ethnicity                                                                                                                interest
             Education                                                                                                    Weight status
             Education                                                                                                    Weight status
             Abilities                                                                                                          Hair status
             Abilities                                                                                                          Hair status
             Mental disabilities                                                                                    Style of clothing 
             Mental disabilities                                                                                    Style of clothing 
                                                                                                                      and appearance
             Physical disabilities                                                                                    and appearance
             Physical disabilities
                                                                                                                       Tobacco status
             Values and motivation                                                                                      Tobacco status
             Values and motivation
            EXHIBIT
            EXHIBIT
                  15-1
                   15-1
            A. J. DuBrin, Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior, Second Edition. Copyright © 2002 by South-Western.                               15–4
             The Competitive Advantage of 
             The Competitive Advantage of 
             Diversity
             Diversity
             1. Managing diversity well offers a marketing advantage, 
             1. Managing diversity well offers a marketing advantage, 
                    including increased sales and profits.
                    including increased sales and profits.
             2. Effective management of diversity reduces costs of 
             2. Effective management of diversity reduces costs of 
                    absenteeism and turnover through increased job 
                    absenteeism and turnover through increased job 
                    satisfaction and helps avoid age, race, and 
                    satisfaction and helps avoid age, race, and 
                    discrimination lawsuits.
                    discrimination lawsuits.
             3. Companies with a favorable diversity reputation will 
             3. Companies with a favorable diversity reputation will 
                    attract more diversity applicants.
                    attract more diversity applicants.
             4. Workforce diversity can provide a company with useful 
             4. Workforce diversity can provide a company with useful 
                    ideas for favorable publicity and advertising.
                    ideas for favorable publicity and advertising.
             5. Workforce heterogeneity may also offer a company a 
             5. Workforce heterogeneity may also offer a company a 
                    creativity advantage.
                    creativity advantage.
            A. J. DuBrin, Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior, Second Edition. Copyright © 2002 by South-Western.                               15–5
             Factors Associated with Diversity 
             Factors Associated with Diversity 
             Success
             Success
              1. CEO Initiation and Support
              1. CEO Initiation and Support
              2. Human Resources Initiatives
              2. Human Resources Initiatives
              3. Organizational Communication
              3. Organizational Communication
              4. Corporate Philosophy
              4. Corporate Philosophy
              5. Measures of Company 
              5. Measures of Company 
                    Success
                     Success
            A. J. DuBrin, Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior, Second Edition. Copyright © 2002 by South-Western.                               15–6