Software engineering,
              algorithm design and analysis
              Volume 1
              T. Blackwell
              CO2226
              2007
              Undergraduate study in 
              Computing and related programmes
               This is an extract from a subject guide for an undergraduate course offered as part of the 
               University of London International Programmes in Computing. Materials for these programmes 
               are developed by academics at Goldsmiths.
               For more information, see: www.londoninternational.ac.uk
     This guide was prepared for the University of London International Programmes by:
     Tim Blackwell
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     © University of London 2007
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               Contents
                          Introduction                                                                iii
                          I    Principles                                                             1
                          1 Software Engineering                                                      3
                              1.1 Whatis a good system? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             3
                              1.2 Theproblem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            4
                              1.3 Building systems with objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           5
                              1.4 OOdesign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          7
                              1.5 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       9
                              1.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           9
                          2 DevelopmentProcessand Modelling                                          11
                              2.1 Iterative and waterfall processes . . . . . . . . . . . . .        11
                              2.2 Design and modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           12
                              2.3 Aunifiedmodelling language: UML . . . . . . . . . . .               13
                              2.4 Fitting UML into a process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         14
                              2.5 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      15
                              2.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          16
                          II    UML                                                                 17
                          3 UseCases                                                                 19
                              3.1 Requirements capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           19
                              3.2 Thebasic technique         . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   20
                              3.3 Whentouseusecases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              21
                              3.4 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      21
                              3.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          21
                          4 Class Diagrams: The basic technique                                      23
                              4.1 Class identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        23
                              4.2 Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       24
                              4.3 Properties as code       . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   25
                              4.4 Adding more information to the class model . . . . . .             26
                              4.5 Whentouseclass diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              27
                              4.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      27
                              4.7 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          27
                          5 SequenceDiagrams                                                         29
                              5.1 Thebasic technique         . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   29
                              5.2 Advanced techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          30
                              5.3 Whentousesequencediagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . .                31
                              5.4 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      31
                              5.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          31
                          6 Class Diagrams: Advanced techniques                                      33
                              6.1 Responsibilities and collaborators . . . . . . . . . . . .         33
                              6.2 Static operations and attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . .         34
                              6.3 Aggregation and composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            34
                              6.4 Interfaces and abstract classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        34
                                                                                                                                        i
                          CIS226 Software Engineering, Algorithm Design and Analysis Volume I
                              6.5 Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        35
                              6.6 Association classes and visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . .       36
                              6.7 Whentouseadvancedconcepts . . . . . . . . . . . . .                36
                              6.8 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      37
                              6.9 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          37
                          7 State Machine Diagrams                                                   39
                              7.1 Thebasic technique         . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   39
                              7.2 Implementing state diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            40
                              7.3 Whentousestatediagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .               41
                              7.4 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      41
                              7.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          41
                          8 Activity Diagrams                                                        43
                              8.1 Thebasic technique         . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   43
                              8.2 Advanced techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          44
                              8.3 Whentouseactivity diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             45
                              8.4 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      46
                              8.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          46
                          9 SummaryofUMLmodellingtechniques                                          47
                          III    Quality                                                            49
                          10 Product Quality                                                         51
                              10.1 Verifying software      . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   51
                              10.2 Validating software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       52
                              10.3 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     52
                              10.4 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     53
                              10.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         54
                          11 Process Quality                                                         55
                              11.1 Project management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          55
                              11.2 Project planning      . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   56
                              11.3 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     56
                              11.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         57
                          IV     Resources                                                          59
                          12 Analysis and design of a personal 0rganiser                             61
                              12.1 Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       61
                              12.2 Use cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       61
                              12.3 Class Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       62
                              12.4 UML diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          62
                          13 Sample examination paper                                                69
                              13.1 Advice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      69
                              13.2 Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       69
                              13.3 Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       71
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