LANGUAGE POLICY IN 
         LANGUAGE POLICY IN 
         LANGUAGE POLICY IN 
         LANGUAGE POLICY IN 
     INDONESIAN EDUCATION:
     INDONESIAN EDUCATION:
     INDONESIAN EDUCATION:
      INDONESIAN EDUCATION:
    Regional and Local Languages as Oral 
    Regional and Local Languages as Oral 
    Regional and Local Languages as Oral 
    Regional and Local Languages as Oral 
           Languages of Instruction
            Languages of Instruction
           Languages of Instruction
            Languages of Instruction
                     Maryanto
                     Maryanto
        Pusat Bahasa (National Center for Indonesian Languages)
        Pusat Bahasa (National Center for Indonesian Languages)
                Ministry of National Education
                Ministry of National Education
                           
                   Republic of Indonesia
                   Republic of Indonesia
                       The Goal of the Paper:
                       The Goal of the Paper:
                       The Goal of the Paper:
                       The Goal of the Paper:
    1.  To describe that an issue about the use of regional and local languages has 
    1.  To describe that an issue about the use of regional and local languages has 
        been around in Indonesian education for over one century and that the 
        been around in Indonesian education for over one century and that the 
        policy has changed
        policy has changed
    2.  To argue that regional and local languages well-serve their functions as 
    2.  To argue that regional and local languages well-serve their functions as 
        oral languages of wider communication so that provisions should be made 
        oral languages of wider communication so that provisions should be made 
        for teachers in early education
        for teachers in early education
                                               
                                                                                  MOTHER
                                                                                  MOTHER
                                                                                  TONGUE
                                                                                   TONGUE
                         LocalLocalLLocalLocalocal                                                                                                    Home
                 LanguageLanguageLanguageLanguageLanguage                                   L1                                                 Language
                                                                                              ?
                                                                       INDONESIAN
                                                                    CHILDREN
                                                                                                                                                               ?
                                                                                            L2
                                                                                     Bahasa                                                             National
                 Official                                                   Indonesia
            Language                                                                                                                                 Language
                                                                                           (BI)  
                                 Bahasa
      National                Indonesia                       Official
     Language                       (BI)                   Language
         Note:
    In 1997 (before Reform):        L1
     only 289 papers
     In 1999 (after Reform):
      1,687 papers
                            Indonesian                        Home
                               Children                    Language
    Printed                      Influx of                  Broadcasting
    Media                      Information                    Media
                                   in BI  
                                     About 700
              Indonesian Lang.     Minority Lang.
                 Studies
     Over 1,000                         Local
   Minority Lang.                   and Regional
                                     Languages
  Indonesian               L1           Lang.         Bilingual
   Children               L1           Contact        Children
   At Schools                             BI
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